Skip to content

Wi-Fi under real clients: throughput, roaming and latency measured before the rollout

We test enterprise access points, WLAN controllers, ISP gateways, mesh systems and Wi-Fi clients on the CloudLAB Wi-Fi bench: controlled clients and access points up to Wi-Fi 6, Wi-Fi 7 in progress, attenuation for rate versus range, roaming between APs, and a wired side at 1G and 10G. Throughput per client count, airtime fairness, roam time per handover, latency under load for voice and video, WPA3 and 802.1X scale on the controller.

  • Wi-Fi 6on the bench today, Wi-Fi 7 in progress
  • Per clientthroughput, airtime and roam time, not one aggregate
  • 1G · 10Gwired side, PoE to the AP
  • 1–3 daystest plan and quote

When the number is needed

Three moments in a WLAN project when the datasheet stops being an answer

A datasheet gives the PHY rate of one client next to the AP in a quiet room. Each moment below asks what the AP does with your client mix, your SSIDs and your floor plan, and ends with a number the team can act on.

  1. 1

    Shortlist

    Tender, 2–3 AP models

    Every candidate serves the same clients at the same attenuation steps with the same SSID, security and QoS settings. Vendors see the plan before the first frame and read the same table afterwards.

    Ranked table per KPI, client limit per model, 2–3 weeks for 3 APs

  2. 2

    Acceptance

    Before the rollout

    The delivered APs and controller with the production config: SSIDs, WPA3 and 802.1X, band steering, QoS, VLANs per SSID, roaming settings. Measured against your design with your client mix, including the cheap ones.

    Signed report with pass and fail per case, config exports, from 2 weeks

  3. 3

    Change

    Firmware or RF profile change

    The acceptance cases run again on the new firmware, the new channel plan or the new roaming profile. What moved, by how much, and whether the cell still clears the design. Production stays untouched.

    Diff per KPI against the last run, 3 business days

What we test

Five device classes, and the numbers each one has to show

The bench is the same, the clients and the pass criteria are not. The table is the starting point of the plan; your floor plan, client mix and applications set the thresholds.

Device classNumbers in the reportClients and config on the benchTypical size
01Enterprise access point Aggregate and per-client throughput, airtime fairness, rate versus range, latency, band steering Controlled Wi-Fi 6 clients, your SSIDs, WPA3 and 802.1X, programmable attenuation to the AP Dual- or tri-band AP, 2.5G or 10G uplink
02WLAN controller, on-premises or cloud APs joined per minute, 802.1X authentications per second, roaming, controller failover under load Emulated APs and clients sized in the plan, real APs for roaming, your RADIUS and config export 100–1,000 APs
03Home and ISP gateway Throughput per band, rate versus range, latency with voice and video running, a 24 h soak Household client mix, WAN side at 1G to 10G, ISP firmware and defaults, attenuation to the far room Wi-Fi 5 or Wi-Fi 6 gateway, 1G to 10G WAN
04Mesh system Throughput behind one to three hops, backhaul rate per hop, steering, recovery when a node drops Nodes at controlled attenuation, clients on each, backhaul as sold, one node powered off 2–4 nodes
05Wi-Fi client and IoT device Throughput and latency against a reference AP, roam time per handover, power save, 802.11k/v Device next to controlled clients on one AP, attenuation sweep, reference APs, air and wire captures Laptops, handhelds, cameras, sensors

Any vendor, enterprise or consumer. Wi-Fi 6 today, Wi-Fi 7 when the bench is ready. TR-398 in-premises cases run on request. Named test tools are picked for the setup and listed in the report.

The bench around one access point
Clients Wi-Fi 6, count from the plan Attenuators rate vs range, cell edge AP-1 · 2.4/5 GHzAP-2 · roam AP pair under test SSIDs, WPA3, steering Controller AP fleet, failover Wired side 1G / 10G, PoE, counters ROAM OR EDGE STEP ON PURPOSE throughput · latency roam time · loss

Around the AP

What sits on each side of the access point while it is measured

A throughput number only means something with the right things around the device: the client mix it will serve, the attenuation it will face at the cell edge, and the roams it has to carry without dropping a call

  1. Clients from your floor

    Count and mix from your inventory: 1-, 2- and 3-stream devices, Wi-Fi 5 laptops next to Wi-Fi 6 phones, IoT on 2.4 GHz. The bench emulates them, so the AP sees its own population, not a lab full of flagship phones.

  2. Your config, line by line

    SSIDs, WPA3 and 802.1X with your RADIUS, band steering, QoS and VLAN per SSID, 802.11r/k/v settings, channel width and power from your RF profile. The report shows which setting each loss or slow roam traces back to.

  3. Distance and roams with traffic running

    Attenuation steps to the cell edge, a roam to the next AP, an AP rebooted, a controller failed over. Each one with voice and video streams running, timed from the last frame to the first frame back.

What you take away

Four numbers that end the argument, and the table they live in

The report is built for the meeting after the test: the vendor, the integrator and your network team read the same table, with the pass band from the design next to the measured value

Each number comes with its evidence: per-client statistics from the bench, AP and controller counters, air and wire captures and the config export of the run

Throughput
Aggregate and per client at each client count and each attenuation step, per band, with your security and QoS on. Not the one-client PHY rate.
Scale
Clients per AP and APs per controller where the numbers stop or slow, authentications per second over 802.1X, so the design has a ceiling with a margin
Roaming
Roam time and frames lost per handover, per client type and per roaming profile, with voice and video streams running, not on an idle cell
Policy
Pass and fail per feature in your config, the setting behind each failed case, and the behaviour of the cell through a firmware upgrade
ACC-WLAN-02 Acceptance, AP and controller Rerun, day 7

Result table, 6 of 18 cases

KPIPass bandMeasuredResult
Aggregate at the design client count, near the AP≥ 800 Mbps870 MbpsPass
Aggregate at the design client count, WPA3 and 802.1X on≥ 800 Mbps830 MbpsPass
Roam time, 802.11r, voice running≤ 100 ms60 msPass
Latency at the design client count, video stream≤ 30 ms18 msPass
802.1X authentications on the controller≥ 50 / s72 / sPass
Band steering, 5 GHz capable clients on 5 GHz≥ 95%91%Pass with a note

Where it runs

The CloudLAB Wi-Fi bench, and the pages behind this one

APs and controllers ship to CloudLAB and sit on the Wi-Fi bench with controlled clients, attenuators and a wired side at 1G and 10G; cloud controllers are joined from the bench. You watch the run through the portal, with an engineer on every session. The bench serves Wi-Fi 6 today; Wi-Fi 7 is in progress.

Before the brief

What WLAN teams ask first

Which Wi-Fi devices can you test?

Enterprise and consumer access points, on-premises and cloud WLAN controllers, ISP gateways, mesh systems, and clients from laptops to IoT sensors. Any vendor. The bench serves Wi-Fi 6 today, with 2.4 and 5 GHz; Wi-Fi 7 is in progress.

Do you test Wi-Fi 7?

Not yet. The Wi-Fi 7 bench is in progress, and we say so rather than quote a number we cannot measure. Until it is ready, a Wi-Fi 7 AP is tested with Wi-Fi 6 clients, which is what most of its users will be for the next years, and the plan says so on page one.

How many clients go on one AP?

The count your deployment needs, written into the plan with the device mix and checked on the bench before the run. Per-client attenuation builds the cell edge on purpose rather than finding it by walking; a multi-AP floor is agreed per project.

Is it tested with our SSIDs, RADIUS and RF profile?

Yes. SSIDs, WPA3 and 802.1X against your RADIUS or an emulated one, band steering, QoS, VLANs, 802.11r/k/v and the channel plan come from an anonymised export. A vendor-default run can sit next to it to show what the config costs or gains.

What about TR-398 and roaming tests?

TR-398 in-premises cases, rate versus range, multi-client and spatial consistency, run on request on the same bench. Roaming is timed per handover with voice and video streams running, per client type and per profile, between real APs on the bench.

How long does it take and what do we get?

Test plan and quote in 1–3 business days after the brief. A run takes from 2 weeks for one AP model with its controller and 2–3 weeks for a shortlist of 3 models. The report carries every case with pass band and measured value, per-client statistics, captures and config exports; a diff against the last run comes with a re-test.

Send the AP models, the client mix and the config export. The plan comes back in 1–3 business days.

No prices on the site: scope first, then the quote. The vendor and the integrator can sit in on the brief.

Send the shortlist

You have the method. Now get the numbers.

Name the models and the KPIs that matter. An engineer replies within one business day with a test plan draft and a quote.

Prefer to chat? Message an engineer on WhatsApp

We use what you send only to answer you. See our Privacy Policy.