--- title: "Load balancer and ADC testing: CPS, TLS, failover – TEST4NET" description: "L4 load balancers and L7 ADC pairs tested with your config: connections and TLS handshakes per second, every feature on, a server failing at peak, HA failover" --- [Skip to content](https://test4net.com/solutions/load-balancers-adc#main-content) [![TEST4NET](https://test4net.com/hubfs/test4net-logo-fixed-2.svg)](https://test4net.com/?hsLang=en) - Services - Products - Resources - Company [News](https://test4net.com/news?hsLang=en) [Login](https://lab.test4net.com) [Support](https://test4net.com/support?hsLang=en) What we test By technology Industries [Load & Performance Testing Throughput, sessions and latency up to and past the rated limit](https://test4net.com/services/load-performance-testing?hsLang=en) [Functional & Conformance Testing Features against the spec, RFC compliance with evidence](https://test4net.com/services/functional-conformance-testing?hsLang=en) [Interoperability Testing Multi-vendor behaviour, before it reaches production](https://test4net.com/services/interoperability-testing?hsLang=en) [Security & Resilience Testing NGFW, IPS and VPN efficacy and performance with threats on the wire](https://test4net.com/services/security-resilience-testing?hsLang=en) [Test Plan & Methodology Design What to test, how, and what counts as a pass](https://test4net.com/services/test-plan-design?hsLang=en) [Test Automation & CI/CD Regression suites wired into your release pipeline](https://test4net.com/services/test-automation?hsLang=en) [Training Programs Hands-on courses for your test engineers](https://test4net.com/services/training-programs?hsLang=en) [Equipment Repair Repair and verification of test equipment](https://test4net.com/services/equipment-repair?hsLang=en) [All services](https://test4net.com/services?hsLang=en) [Routing & Switching RFC 2544 and RFC 2889 on real ports, 1G to 100G](https://test4net.com/solutions/routing-switching?hsLang=en) [Firewalls & NGFW RFC 9411 throughput with inspection switched on](https://test4net.com/solutions/firewalls-ngfw?hsLang=en) [Load Balancers & ADC Connections, TLS and failover of the pair under load](https://test4net.com/solutions/load-balancers-adc?hsLang=en) [SD-WAN & WAN Path selection and QoS under emulated WAN conditions](https://test4net.com/solutions/sd-wan?hsLang=en) [Cloud & NFV Virtual appliances and cloud services under load](https://test4net.com/solutions/cloud-nfv?hsLang=en) [5G & Mobile Core Transport and core functions under subscriber traffic](https://test4net.com/solutions/5g-mobile-core?hsLang=en) [Wi-Fi Wi-Fi 6 clients and access points, Wi-Fi 7 in progress](https://test4net.com/solutions/wi-fi?hsLang=en) [Storage & Infrastructure Storage networks and servers under realistic I/O](https://test4net.com/solutions/storage?hsLang=en) [AI / Switching Fabric (RoCEv2) Lossless Ethernet for GPU clusters: PFC, ECN, fabric load](https://test4net.com/solutions/ai-fabric-rocev2?hsLang=en) [All technologies](https://test4net.com/services#coverage) [Telecom Operators Pre-deployment acceptance and vendor comparison](https://test4net.com/solutions/industries#telecom) [Network & Security Vendors Independent validation of your product claims](https://test4net.com/solutions/industries#vendors) [System Integrators Proof for the customer before the rollout](https://test4net.com/solutions/industries#integrators) [Enterprise & Banks Upgrades and new platforms checked before production](https://test4net.com/solutions/industries#enterprise) [All industries](https://test4net.com/solutions/industries?hsLang=en) Not sure where to start? 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[L4 balancer](https://test4net.com/solutions/load-balancers-adc#classes) 2. [ADC pair, HA](https://test4net.com/solutions/load-balancers-adc#classes) 3. [Virtual ADC](https://test4net.com/solutions/load-balancers-adc#classes) 4. [Reverse proxy](https://test4net.com/solutions/load-balancers-adc#classes) 5. [API gateway](https://test4net.com/solutions/load-balancers-adc#classes) # Load balancers and ADC: will the pair carry your peak, your TLS and a failover? We test L4 balancers, L7 application delivery controllers, virtual editions and software reverse proxies with the configuration you will run: your certificate and cipher list, cookie persistence, header rewrite, compression and the WAF policy switched on. Emulated users arrive with their own addresses, sessions and keep-alive; an emulated server farm behind the devices slows down, returns errors or stops at a known second. The report holds new connections and handshakes per second, requests per second with every feature on, the spread per server, the users hit by a server failure and the seconds a unit takeover costs. Ports at 1G, 10G and 100G in CloudLAB. [Request a test plan](https://test4net.com/solutions/load-balancers-adc#lead-form) [See the device classes](https://test4net.com/solutions/load-balancers-adc#classes) **Requests failing after one of four servers hangs** Peak load, cookie persistence, health checks every 5 s. Example values from a typical project. 01530 REQUESTS FAILING, % 0102030405060 SECONDS AFTER THE HANG marked down, 15 s server hangs 0 from 15 s 25 % until a restart TCP port check HTTP check, content match - **1G · 10G · 100G**ports for users, servers and the pair - **CPS · TLS · RPS · HA**measured with your config on - **From 2 weeks**for a run - **1–3 days**test plan and quote When the figure is needed ## Three moments in a load balancer project where a datasheet is not enough The vendor sheet gives L4 connections and L7 requests per second with small objects, no TLS and every feature off. Each stage below asks what the pair does with your TLS profile, your rules and your servers, and ends with a measured value in a report. 1. 1 ### Shortlist ADC tender, 2–3 candidates Every candidate takes the same users, the same server farm and the same config intent: pools, persistence, TLS profile, rewrite rules and WAF. Vendors see the plan before the first connection and the raw results after the last one. Ranked table per KPI, feature cost per model, 3–4 weeks for 3 systems 2. 2 ### Acceptance Before the service moves behind it The delivered pair with the production config and the traffic of your busiest hour. Capacity, TLS rate, requests with every feature on, a server hung on purpose and the active unit failed at peak, measured against the capacity plan. Signed report with pass and fail per case, config exports, from 2 weeks 3. 3 ### Change Firmware, policy or pool change The acceptance cases run again on the new software, the new WAF policy, the new certificate or the changed health checks. What moved, by how much, and whether the pair still clears the peak plan. Diff per KPI against the last run, 3 business days What we test ## Five device classes, and the numbers each one has to show The users, the server farm and the traffic profile stay the same across the row; the pass criteria do not. The table is the starting point of the plan; your peak and your config set the thresholds. | Device class | Numbers in the report | Traffic and config on the bench | Typical size | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 01L4 load balancer | New and concurrent connections, spread per server, failover with sessions in flight | TCP and UDP clients at your peak connection count, your pools and algorithm, servers taken out mid-run | 10G to 100G, connections as in your peak | | 02L7 application delivery controller pair in HA | TLS handshakes and requests per second with every feature on, p99, failover and sessions lost | HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2 users with cookies, your TLS profile, persistence, rewrite, compression, WAF | 10G to 100G per unit, 2 units | | 03Virtual ADC and cloud load balancer | The same KPIs per instance size and vCPU count, scale-out time, requests per licensed core | Image on the bench hypervisor or in your cloud tenant, the same users and farm as the hardware | 1–20 Gbps per instance | | 04Software reverse proxy | Requests per second and p99 per worker count, TLS termination cost, config reload under load | Proxy on bench hosts with your config file, objects 1 KB to 512 KB, keep-alive as clients use it | 1–4 hosts, 10G to 100G | | 05API gateway and ingress controller | Requests per second and p99 per route with auth and rate limits on, the cost of each plugin | API calls with your payloads and tokens, routes from your config, upstreams that slow down | Up to 100k requests per second | Any vendor, physical, virtual or software. Named test tools are picked for the setup and listed in the report. Around the pair ## What sits on each side of the ADC while it is measured A requests-per-second figure only means something with the right things around the device: users who behave like yours, servers that break the way yours will, and the settings you will run The bench around one ADC pair Clients your mix, TLS, cookies WANemu client delay and loss ADC-1 · activeADC-2 · standby Pair under test pools, TLS, rules, WAF Server farm slows, errors, stops Config, counters CPU, pool state, sync SERVER OR UNIT DOWN ON PURPOSE CPS · handshakes/s requests per server · p99 1. ### Users as they really connect Each emulated user has its own source address, TCP and TLS sessions, cookies and keep-alive, over HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2. Object sizes from 1 KB to 512 KB and the request mix come from your logs or the app-mix library of our traffic generator. WANemu adds client-side delay and loss on the 1G and 10G links, in beta. 2. ### A server farm that fails on cue As many emulated servers as your pool has, each with the same content, a fixed answer time and its own counters. Any server slows down, answers 500 or stops at a known second, so the time until the pool reacts and the users caught in between are counted, not guessed. 3. ### Your config, one feature at a time Pools, persistence, rewrite rules, the TLS profile and the WAF policy come from your export. WAF, compression, caching and TLS re-encryption toward the servers go on one at a time, and each step gets its own requests per second and p99. Typical scenario ## An ADC pair rated 250k requests per second, a peak plan of 100k, and 82k with TLS and the WAF on A platform team brings an ADC pair for acceptance before a customer portal moves behind it. The datasheet gives 250k HTTP requests per second with small objects and no TLS. With the production config – TLS termination, cookie persistence, header rewrite, compression and the WAF policy – the pair carries 82k against a peak plan of 100k and fails the case. The counters show two causes: session resumption off, so every client does a full handshake, and the WAF inspecting static objects too. With resumption on and the WAF limited to dynamic paths, as the security team agreed, the rerun on day 7 gives 118k with p99 at 38 ms. The failover case finds a second gap: TLS sessions and persistence records are not synced, so p99 stays above target for 20 s after the switch; with sync on, 4 s. 82k → 118k requests per second with TLS and the WAF on 20 s → 4 s p99 above target after an HA failover 11 days from the first connection to the signed report Composite scenario from projects of this type. Numbers are realistic and not from one client. L7 requests per second, thousands Datasheet 250 Delivered config 82 Tuned, day 7 118 Plan 100 below the plan clears the plan What you take away ## Connections, handshakes and requests per second with every feature on, and the users a dead server cost The report is built for the meeting after the test: the ADC vendor, the application owners and your network team read the same table, with the pass band from the plan next to the measured value Each value comes with its evidence: generator statistics, ADC counters and pool state, captures and the config export of the run Capacity New connections per second and concurrent connections in steps up to the first refused connection, with CPU and memory of the box at each step L7 rate TLS handshakes and requests per second with p50 and p99 per feature set, so you see what WAF, compression and re-encryption each cost Server failure A timeline per failed server: the second it hung, the second the pool marked it down, failed requests and pinned users in between, and the spread per server after Failover Seconds until traffic flows again, connections that survive, persistence records and TLS sessions that do not, and the 60 seconds after the switch ACC-ADC-01 Acceptance, ADC pair in HA Rerun, day 7 ### Result table, 6 of 16 cases | KPI | Pass band | Measured | Result | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | HTTPS requests per second, every feature on | ≥ 100k | 118k | Pass | | TLS full handshakes per second, your certificate | ≥ 20k | 26k | Pass | | p99 latency per request at 100k per second | ≤ 50 ms | 38 ms | Pass | | Server hang to pool down, HTTP check | ≤ 20 s | 15 s | Pass | | HA failover, traffic flowing again | ≤ 3 s | 1.1 s | Pass | | p99 back under target after failover | ≤ 5 s | 4 s | Pass with a note | Where it runs ## The CloudLAB bench, and the pages behind this one Hardware pairs ship to CloudLAB or we connect the bench to your lab; virtual editions and software proxies run on the bench hypervisor or in your cloud tenant, and you watch the run through the portal. Users and servers come from commercial traffic generators and from the generator we build ourselves, with stateful traffic at 200 Gbit/s and more on 1G, 10G and 100G ports; native 400G ports are arranged per project. The method is RFC 9411 where it applies and your own cases where it does not. [How a load run goes, step by step](https://test4net.com/services/load-performance-testing?hsLang=en) [Our traffic generator, in beta](https://test4net.com/products/traffic-generator?hsLang=en) [RFC 9411 and RFC 3511: the benchmark set](https://test4net.com/methodologies/rfc-9411-rfc-3511?hsLang=en) ### Related reading - [BlogHow we test load balancers and ADCs: CPS, TLS and a hung server](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-load-balancers-and-adc?hsLang=en) - [BlogHow we test TLS and HTTPS: handshakes per second with inspection switched on](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-tls-and-https?hsLang=en) Before the brief ## What platform and application teams ask first See also - [Firewalls and NGFW](https://test4net.com/solutions/firewalls-ngfw?hsLang=en) - [Cloud and NFV](https://test4net.com/solutions/cloud-nfv?hsLang=en) - [Routing and switching](https://test4net.com/solutions/routing-switching?hsLang=en) Which load balancers can you test? Any vendor and any form factor: L4 load balancers, L7 ADC pairs, virtual editions on a hypervisor or in a cloud tenant, software reverse proxies, API gateways and ingress controllers. We need the model or the image, the licence set and an export of your config; the rest is in the plan. Do you need our servers or our application? No. The bench emulates the server farm: as many servers as your pool has, your object sizes and answer times, each able to slow down, fail or stop on cue. Your own servers can join the bench instead when the application is part of the question. A test certificate with the same key type and chain length stands in for the production one. How do you measure the cost of TLS? Full and resumed handshakes per second with your certificate and cipher list, then requests per second with TLS terminated and, if you run it, re-encrypted toward the servers. Cipher-by-cipher figures follow our TLS and HTTPS method; on this page they are one line of the plan. Can you show what happens when a server fails at peak? Yes. One server hangs, answers 500 or goes dark at a known second while the pair is at peak. The report gives the time until the pool marks it down, the requests that failed meanwhile and the users who were pinned to it, for each health check you want to compare. Do we have to ship the hardware? Three options. The pair ships to CloudLAB and goes back after the run. We connect the bench to your lab over a dedicated link. Or, for virtual editions and software proxies, the image runs on the bench hypervisor or in your tenant. The plan names the option and what each side provides. How long does it take and what do we get? Test plan and quote in 1–3 business days after the brief. A run takes from 2 weeks for one pair and 3–4 weeks for a shortlist of 3. The report has every case with its pass band and the measured value, tables per load step, a timeline per server failure and failover, captures and config exports, plus a one-page summary for the steering meeting. ## Send the model, the config export and the traffic of your busiest hour. The plan comes back in 1–3 business days. Scope first, then the quote. The ADC vendor and your application owners can sit in on the brief. [Request a test plan](https://test4net.com/solutions/load-balancers-adc#lead-form) [How the load run goes](https://test4net.com/services/load-performance-testing?hsLang=en) Send the shortlist ## You have the method. Now get the numbers. Name the models and the KPIs that matter. An engineer replies within one business day with a test plan draft and a quote. Prefer to chat? [Message an engineer on WhatsApp](https://wa.me/37491612709) We use what you send only to answer you. See our [Privacy Policy](https://test4net.com/privacy-policy?hsLang=en). 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[Privacy Policy](https://test4net.com/privacy-policy?hsLang=en) [Legal](https://test4net.com/legal?hsLang=en) ```json { "@context" : "https://schema.org", "@id" : "https://test4net.com/#organization", "@type" : "Organization", "address" : { "@type" : "PostalAddress", "addressCountry" : "AM", "addressLocality" : "Yerevan", "postalCode" : "0033", "streetAddress" : "3 Hakob Hakobyan Street (Mergelyan Hub)" }, "alternateName" : "TEST4NET", "contactPoint" : { "@type" : "ContactPoint", "availableLanguage" : [ "en", "ru", "hy" ], "contactType" : "sales", "email" : "sales@test4net.com", "telephone" : "+374-60-88-88-99" }, "description" : "Independent, vendor-neutral lab for testing network and cybersecurity products — NGFW, WAF, IPS, DLP and SASE — and an authorized distributor of test, measurement and network infrastructure solutions.", "email" : "sales@test4net.com", "foundingDate" : "2024", "image" : "https://test4net.com/hubfs/og-t4n.png", "logo" : "https://test4net.com/hubfs/test4net-logo-fixed-2.svg", "name" : "TEST4NET LLC", "sameAs" : [ "https://www.linkedin.com/company/test4net/", "https://t.me/TEST4NET", "https://www.facebook.com/people/Test4net-LLC/61591470856077/" ], "telephone" : "+374-60-88-88-99", "url" : "https://test4net.com/" } ``` ```json { "@context" : "https://schema.org", "@id" : "https://test4net.com/#website", "@type" : "WebSite", "inLanguage" : "en", "name" : "TEST4NET", "potentialAction" : { "@type" : "SearchAction", "query-input" : "required name=search_term_string", "target" : { "@type" : "EntryPoint", "urlTemplate" : "https://test4net.com/hs-search-results?term={search_term_string}" } }, "publisher" : { "@id" : "https://test4net.com/#organization" }, "url" : "https://test4net.com/" } ``` ```json { "@context" : "https://schema.org", "@type" : "Service", "areaServed" : "Worldwide", "description" : "We test L4 balancers, L7 application delivery controllers, virtual editions and software reverse proxies with the configuration you will run: your certificate and cipher list, cookie persistence, header rewrite, compression and the WAF policy switched on. Emulated users arrive with their own addresses, sessions and keep-alive; an emulated server farm behind the devices slows down, returns errors or stops at a known second. The report holds new connections and handshakes per second, requests per second with every feature on, the spread per server, the users hit by a server failure and the seconds a unit takeover costs. Ports at 1G, 10G and 100G in CloudLAB.", "isPartOf" : { "@type" : "WebPage", "url" : "https://test4net.com/services" }, "name" : "Load balancers and ADC", "provider" : { "@type" : "Organization", "name" : "TEST4NET", "url" : "https://test4net.com/" }, "serviceType" : "Load balancer and application delivery controller testing: L4 load balancers, L7 ADC pairs in HA, virtual and cloud load balancers, software reverse proxies and API gateways; connections and TLS handshakes per second, requests per second with every feature on, health checks and failover under load", "url" : "https://test4net.com/solutions/load-balancers-adc" } ``` ```json { "@context" : "https://schema.org", "@type" : "BreadcrumbList", "itemListElement" : [ { "@type" : "ListItem", "item" : "https://test4net.com/services", "name" : "Services", "position" : 1 }, { "@type" : "ListItem", "item" : "https://test4net.com/solutions/load-balancers-adc", "name" : "Load balancers and ADC", "position" : 2 } ] } ``` ```json { "@context" : "https://schema.org", "@type" : "FAQPage", "mainEntity" : [ { "@type" : "Question", "acceptedAnswer" : { "@type" : "Answer", "text" : "Any vendor and any form factor: L4 load balancers, L7 ADC pairs, virtual editions on a hypervisor or in a cloud tenant, software reverse proxies, API gateways and ingress controllers. We need the model or the image, the licence set and an export of your config; the rest is in the plan." }, "name" : "Which load balancers can you test?" }, { "@type" : "Question", "acceptedAnswer" : { "@type" : "Answer", "text" : "No. The bench emulates the server farm: as many servers as your pool has, your object sizes and answer times, each able to slow down, fail or stop on cue. Your own servers can join the bench instead when the application is part of the question. A test certificate with the same key type and chain length stands in for the production one." }, "name" : "Do you need our servers or our application?" }, { "@type" : "Question", "acceptedAnswer" : { "@type" : "Answer", "text" : "Full and resumed handshakes per second with your certificate and cipher list, then requests per second with TLS terminated and, if you run it, re-encrypted toward the servers. Cipher-by-cipher figures follow our TLS and HTTPS method; on this page they are one line of the plan." }, "name" : "How do you measure the cost of TLS?" }, { "@type" : "Question", "acceptedAnswer" : { "@type" : "Answer", "text" : "Yes. One server hangs, answers 500 or goes dark at a known second while the pair is at peak. The report gives the time until the pool marks it down, the requests that failed meanwhile and the users who were pinned to it, for each health check you want to compare." }, "name" : "Can you show what happens when a server fails at peak?" }, { "@type" : "Question", "acceptedAnswer" : { "@type" : "Answer", "text" : "Three options. The pair ships to CloudLAB and goes back after the run. We connect the bench to your lab over a dedicated link. Or, for virtual editions and software proxies, the image runs on the bench hypervisor or in your tenant. The plan names the option and what each side provides." }, "name" : "Do we have to ship the hardware?" }, { "@type" : "Question", "acceptedAnswer" : { "@type" : "Answer", "text" : "Test plan and quote in 1–3 business days after the brief. A run takes from 2 weeks for one pair and 3–4 weeks for a shortlist of 3. The report has every case with its pass band and the measured value, tables per load step, a timeline per server failure and failover, captures and config exports, plus a one-page summary for the steering meeting." }, "name" : "How long does it take and what do we get?" } ] } ```