---
title: Storage and data center | Network & security testing insights
description: "Storage and data center | Practical guidance on NGFW, WAF, IPS, DLP and SASE: methodologies, lab results and tool comparisons."
image: https://test4net.com/hubfs/og-t4n.png
---

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  [BGP](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-bgp) [OSPF & IS-IS](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-ospf-is-is) [MPLS & SR](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-mpls-and-segment-routing) [EVPN / VXLAN](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-evpn-vxlan) [IPsec & IKEv2](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-ipsec-and-ikev2) [TLS / HTTPS](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-tls-and-https) [RoCEv2](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-rocev2) [Wi-Fi 6 / 6E / 7](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-wi-fi-6-6e-7) [All protocols](https://test4net.com/blog/tag/protocols)
  
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 Topic

# Storage and data center

[All topics](https://test4net.com/blog) [Routing and switching](https://test4net.com/blog/tag/routing-and-switching) [Security](https://test4net.com/blog/tag/security-performance) [Standards and methodology](https://test4net.com/blog/tag/standards-and-methodology) [Storage and data center](https://test4net.com/blog/tag/storage-and-data-center) [Telecom and WAN](https://test4net.com/blog/tag/telecom-and-wan) [Wireless: Wi-⁠Fi and 5G](https://test4net.com/blog/tag/wireless)

[![How we test hyperconverged clusters: a lost node and VM p99](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/blog-covers/how-we-test-hyperconverged-clusters.png?width=880&height=550&name=how-we-test-hyperconverged-clusters.png)](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-hyperconverged-clusters)

[Storage and data center](https://test4net.com/blog/tag/storage-and-data-center)

### [How we test hyperconverged clusters: a lost node and VM p99](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-hyperconverged-clusters)

An HCI sizing sheet answers one question: how many VMs fit on 4 nodes with one node in reserve. It is calculated on a healthy cluster. A buyer reads "N+1" and expects a l…

![](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/IMG_0070.jpg?width=22&height=22&name=IMG_0070.jpg) Alexander Zemskov Oct 30, 2026 · 5 min read

[![How we test NAS over NFS and SMB: metadata calls and failover](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/blog-covers/how-we-test-nas-file-shares.png?width=880&height=550&name=how-we-test-nas-file-shares.png)](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-nas-file-shares)

[Storage and data center](https://test4net.com/blog/tag/storage-and-data-center)

### [How we test NAS over NFS and SMB: metadata calls and failover](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-nas-file-shares)

A NAS datasheet gives one figure: sequential read in GB/s, taken with large files and a few clients. On a home-directory share or a build farm, hundreds of clients create…

![](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/IMG_0070.jpg?width=22&height=22&name=IMG_0070.jpg) Alexander Zemskov Oct 30, 2026 · 4 min read

[![How we test backup and replication over WAN: the window and RPO](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/blog-covers/how-we-test-backup-and-replication-over-wan.png?width=880&height=550&name=how-we-test-backup-and-replication-over-wan.png)](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-backup-and-replication-over-wan)

[Storage and data center](https://test4net.com/blog/tag/storage-and-data-center)

### [How we test backup and replication over WAN: the window and RPO](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-backup-and-replication-over-wan)

The sizing sheet divides the data by the link: 20 TB over a 10G WAN is 4.4 hours, the window from 22:00 to 07:00 is 9, so the margin looks double. Over 30 ms of RTT with …

![](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/IMG_0070.jpg?width=22&height=22&name=IMG_0070.jpg) Alexander Zemskov Oct 30, 2026 · 4 min read

[![How we test S3 object storage: 1 kB to 128 MB and a lost node](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/blog-covers/how-we-test-s3-object-storage.png?width=880&height=550&name=how-we-test-s3-object-storage.png)](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-s3-object-storage)

[Storage and data center](https://test4net.com/blog/tag/storage-and-data-center)

### [How we test S3 object storage: 1 kB to 128 MB and a lost node](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-s3-object-storage)

An S3 cluster datasheet gives one figure in GB/s. It was taken with large objects, a few clients and every node healthy. Your application writes, for example, 16 kB thumb…

![](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/IMG_0070.jpg?width=22&height=22&name=IMG_0070.jpg) Alexander Zemskov Oct 30, 2026 · 4 min read

[![How we test VNFs: vCPUs, SR-IOV and a noisy neighbour](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/blog-covers/how-we-test-virtual-network-functions.png?width=880&height=550&name=how-we-test-virtual-network-functions.png)](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-virtual-network-functions)

[Storage and data center](https://test4net.com/blog/tag/storage-and-data-center)

### [How we test VNFs: vCPUs, SR-IOV and a noisy neighbour](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-virtual-network-functions)

A vFirewall datasheet says 20 Gbit/s. The figure comes from the vendor's host: SR-IOV, pinned cores, a NIC picked for the test. Your platform team builds hosts to its own…

![](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/IMG_0070.jpg?width=22&height=22&name=IMG_0070.jpg) Alexander Zemskov Oct 29, 2026 · 4 min read

[![How we test storage networks: incast, PFC and p99 at queue depth](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/blog-covers/how-we-test-storage-networks.png?width=880&height=550&name=how-we-test-storage-networks.png)](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-storage-networks)

[Storage and data center](https://test4net.com/blog/tag/storage-and-data-center)

### [How we test storage networks: incast, PFC and p99 at queue depth](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-storage-networks)

An NVMe/TCP array datasheet says 11 GB/s. The figure was taken on a direct cable, with one block size and an empty port. In production the array sits behind a ToR pair, 1…

![](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/IMG_0070.jpg?width=22&height=22&name=IMG_0070.jpg) Alexander Zemskov Oct 29, 2026 · 4 min read

[![How we test RoCEv2: PFC, ECN and the incast that stalls a GPU cluster](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/blog-covers/how-we-test-rocev2-v2.png?width=880&height=550&name=how-we-test-rocev2-v2.png)](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-rocev2)

[Storage and data center](https://test4net.com/blog/tag/storage-and-data-center)

### [How we test RoCEv2: PFC, ECN and the incast that stalls a GPU cluster](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-rocev2)

An AI cluster spends a share of its time waiting for the network. A single dropped RoCE packet triggers a go-back-N retransmission, the collective stalls, and 256 GPUs id…

![](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/IMG_0070.jpg?width=22&height=22&name=IMG_0070.jpg) Alexander Zemskov Oct 28, 2026 · 4 min read

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