---
title: "How we test NAS: NFS and SMB file shares | TEST4NET"
description: "NFS and SMB shares on the CloudLAB bench: metadata calls per second, p99 per call type, small and large files, nconnect, multichannel, controller failover"
image: https://test4net.com/hubfs/blog-covers/how-we-test-nas-file-shares.png
---

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# How we test NAS over NFS and SMB: metadata calls and failover

![](https://test4net.com/hubfs/IMG_0070.jpg) [Alexander Zemskov](https://test4net.com/blog/author/az) October 30, 2026 4 min read

[English](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-nas-file-shares) [Русский](https://test4net.com/ru/blog/how-we-test-nas-file-shares) [Հայերեն](https://test4net.com/hy/blog/how-we-test-nas-file-shares)

![How we test NAS over NFS and SMB: metadata calls and failover](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/blog-covers/how-we-test-nas-file-shares.png?width=1600&height=900&name=how-we-test-nas-file-shares.png)

In this article

A NAS datasheet gives one figure: sequential read in GB/s, taken with large files and a few clients. On a home-directory share or a build farm, hundreds of clients create, stat, open and close small files, list directories with 100,000 entries and write a few kB at a time. There the controller runs out of metadata operations while the link still has room. We measure operations per second and latency per operation type, and report throughput only for the large-file profile.

## The bench

Bench hosts act as NFSv3, NFSv4.1 and SMB 3 clients, with signing or encryption if your shares use it. The profile comes from your share statistics: the spread of file sizes, metadata calls against reads and writes, directory sizes, the client count and the mount options. The NAS sits in the lab, runs on bench hosts or stays in your lab behind a dedicated link. Ports are 1G, 10G and 100G, with 25G as breakout from 100G. The run follows the steps of a [load test](https://test4net.com/services/load-performance-testing?hsLang=en).

Your ToR pair sits between them with its config export, and generator ports keep the application mix on the same uplinks. We collect per-call statistics from every client, NAS counters and per-port switch counters.

## What we check

- Metadata rate: create, stat, open and close, rename and delete per second, with p50 and p99 for each call type
- Directory listing at 10,000 to 1,000,000 entries: how long it takes and what it does to other clients there
- Small files from 4 kB to 256 kB, written and read in bulk and counted per second
- Sequential I/O at 1 GB and more per file: rate per client and in aggregate; the only place in the report with GB/s
- Client scaling: the count stepped up to your design until the operation rate stops growing and p99 starts to climb
- NFS nconnect and SMB multichannel: one TCP connection per client against several, and whether the load spreads across NICs and links
- Controller failover under load: hard NFS mounts and SMB continuous availability, the client stall from the last completed call to the first one back, and every application error
- Snapshots created and deleted on your schedule during the run, with latency per call type through each one

The [storage page](https://test4net.com/solutions/storage?hsLang=en) lists all 5 device classes. Block storage over NVMe/TCP and RoCEv2, with incast and PFC on the ToR, has its own post: [how we test storage networks](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-storage-networks?hsLang=en).

## What usually breaks

The metadata ceiling. In a typical project the share served 40,000 calls per second at 32 clients and the same 40,000 at 128. The stat p99 went from 2 ms to 45 ms, while the uplinks stayed under 20 % load. Users report a slow network, and the switches get checked first. The per-call latency table points at the controller within an hour.

Extra connections that never open. The mount template has nconnect, yet half of the clients mount the share through an old automount map without it. SMB multichannel opens one channel because RSS is off on the client NIC. Such a client stays on one TCP connection: about 1 GB/s on a 25G port in a typical project.

Failover. The NAS moves the share to the second controller in seconds; the clients take longer. NFSv4 waits out its grace period. SMB clients without continuous availability lose their open handles, and the application shows an error instead of a pause. In a typical acceptance table that is two lines. NFS: longest client stall 38 s against a criterion of 60 s, no application errors. SMB on a share without CA: 3 of 20 clients lost open files.

## What is in the report

Operations per second and latency p50 and p99 per call type, client count and file profile, with the point where the rate stops growing. Throughput per client and in aggregate for large files, with and without nconnect or multichannel. The client stall in each failover per protocol and mount option, with application errors counted, and latency through each snapshot. Client call statistics, NAS and switch counters, captures and the config of every run: mount options, share settings, ToR. The NAS vendor, the network team and the share owners read one table.

## Where to start

Send us the NAS model, the client count and the statistics of your shares. We answer with a draft test plan: the items, the bench layout and the dates. The report is yours to keep and to show to the vendor. [Write to us](https://test4net.com/contacts?hsLang=en) or look at [what else the bench does](https://test4net.com/services?hsLang=en).

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Written by

### [Alexander Zemskov](https://test4net.com/blog/author/az)

Alexander Zemskov leads network and security testing at TEST4NET, an independent, vendor-neutral testing lab in Yerevan, Armenia. With 19+ years in performance and load testing on IXIA, Spirent, Keysight, Xena and Xinertel platforms, he runs NGFW, WAF, IPS, DLP and SASE evaluations for telecom operators, banks and system integrators.

[LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/azemskov/) [Website](https://test4net.com/?hsLang=en)

[Previous article How we test backup and replication over WAN: the window and RPO](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-backup-and-replication-over-wan?hsLang=en) [Next article How we test hyperconverged clusters: a lost node and VM p99](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-hyperconverged-clusters?hsLang=en)

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## Keep reading

[![How we test hyperconverged clusters: a lost node and VM p99](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/blog-covers/how-we-test-hyperconverged-clusters.png?width=880&height=550&name=how-we-test-hyperconverged-clusters.png)](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-hyperconverged-clusters?hsLang=en)

[Storage and data center](https://test4net.com/blog/tag/storage-and-data-center)

### [How we test hyperconverged clusters: a lost node and VM p99](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-hyperconverged-clusters?hsLang=en)

An HCI sizing sheet answers one question: how many VMs fit on 4 nodes with one node in reserve. It is calculated on a healthy cluster. A buyer reads "N+1" and expects a l…

![](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/IMG_0070.jpg?width=22&height=22&name=IMG_0070.jpg) Alexander Zemskov Oct 30, 2026 · 5 min read

[![How we test backup and replication over WAN: the window and RPO](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/blog-covers/how-we-test-backup-and-replication-over-wan.png?width=880&height=550&name=how-we-test-backup-and-replication-over-wan.png)](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-backup-and-replication-over-wan?hsLang=en)

[Storage and data center](https://test4net.com/blog/tag/storage-and-data-center)

### [How we test backup and replication over WAN: the window and RPO](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-backup-and-replication-over-wan?hsLang=en)

The sizing sheet divides the data by the link: 20 TB over a 10G WAN is 4.4 hours, the window from 22:00 to 07:00 is 9, so the margin looks double. Over 30 ms of RTT with …

![](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/IMG_0070.jpg?width=22&height=22&name=IMG_0070.jpg) Alexander Zemskov Oct 30, 2026 · 4 min read

[![How we test S3 object storage: 1 kB to 128 MB and a lost node](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/blog-covers/how-we-test-s3-object-storage.png?width=880&height=550&name=how-we-test-s3-object-storage.png)](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-s3-object-storage?hsLang=en)

[Storage and data center](https://test4net.com/blog/tag/storage-and-data-center)

### [How we test S3 object storage: 1 kB to 128 MB and a lost node](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-s3-object-storage?hsLang=en)

An S3 cluster datasheet gives one figure in GB/s. It was taken with large objects, a few clients and every node healthy. Your application writes, for example, 16 kB thumb…

![](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/IMG_0070.jpg?width=22&height=22&name=IMG_0070.jpg) Alexander Zemskov Oct 30, 2026 · 4 min read

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