--- title: How we test DNS, DHCP and AAA servers | TEST4NET description: "DNS, DHCP and RADIUS servers on the CloudLAB bench: queries, leases and logins per second at your latency target, a cold cache, a renew storm, failover" image: https://test4net.com/hubfs/blog-covers/how-we-test-dns-dhcp-and-aaa.png --- [Skip to content](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-dns-dhcp-and-aaa#main-content) [![TEST4NET](https://test4net.com/hubfs/test4net-logo-fixed-2.svg)](https://test4net.com/?hsLang=en) - Services - Products - Resources - Company - [English](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-dns-dhcp-and-aaa) - [Русский](https://test4net.com/ru/blog/how-we-test-dns-dhcp-and-aaa) - [Հայերեն](https://test4net.com/hy/blog/how-we-test-dns-dhcp-and-aaa) [News](https://test4net.com/news?hsLang=en) [Login](https://lab.test4net.com) [Support](https://test4net.com/support?hsLang=en) - [English](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-dns-dhcp-and-aaa) - [Русский](https://test4net.com/ru/blog/how-we-test-dns-dhcp-and-aaa) - [Հայերեն](https://test4net.com/hy/blog/how-we-test-dns-dhcp-and-aaa) What we test By technology Industries [Load & Performance Testing Throughput, sessions and latency up to and past the rated limit](https://test4net.com/services/load-performance-testing?hsLang=en) [Functional & Conformance Testing Features against the spec, RFC compliance with evidence](https://test4net.com/services/functional-conformance-testing?hsLang=en) [Interoperability Testing Multi-vendor behaviour, before it reaches production](https://test4net.com/services/interoperability-testing?hsLang=en) [Security & Resilience Testing NGFW, IPS and VPN efficacy and performance with threats on the wire](https://test4net.com/services/security-resilience-testing?hsLang=en) [Test Plan & Methodology Design What to test, how, and what counts as a pass](https://test4net.com/services/test-plan-design?hsLang=en) [Test Automation & CI/CD Regression suites wired into your release pipeline](https://test4net.com/services/test-automation?hsLang=en) [Training Programs Hands-on courses for your test engineers](https://test4net.com/services/training-programs?hsLang=en) [Equipment Repair Repair and verification of test equipment](https://test4net.com/services/equipment-repair?hsLang=en) [All services](https://test4net.com/services?hsLang=en) [Routing & Switching RFC 2544 and RFC 2889 on real ports, 1G to 100G](https://test4net.com/solutions/routing-switching?hsLang=en) [Firewalls & NGFW RFC 9411 throughput with inspection switched on](https://test4net.com/solutions/firewalls-ngfw?hsLang=en) [Load Balancers & ADC Connections, TLS and failover of the pair under load](https://test4net.com/solutions/load-balancers-adc?hsLang=en) [SD-WAN & WAN Path selection and QoS under emulated WAN conditions](https://test4net.com/solutions/sd-wan?hsLang=en) [Cloud & NFV Virtual appliances and cloud services under load](https://test4net.com/solutions/cloud-nfv?hsLang=en) [5G & Mobile Core Transport and core functions under subscriber traffic](https://test4net.com/solutions/5g-mobile-core?hsLang=en) [Wi-Fi Wi-Fi 6 clients and access points, Wi-Fi 7 in progress](https://test4net.com/solutions/wi-fi?hsLang=en) [Storage & Infrastructure Storage networks and servers under realistic I/O](https://test4net.com/solutions/storage?hsLang=en) [AI / Switching Fabric (RoCEv2) Lossless Ethernet for GPU clusters: PFC, ECN, fabric load](https://test4net.com/solutions/ai-fabric-rocev2?hsLang=en) [All technologies](https://test4net.com/services#coverage) [Telecom Operators Pre-deployment acceptance and vendor comparison](https://test4net.com/solutions/industries#telecom) [Network & Security Vendors Independent validation of your product claims](https://test4net.com/solutions/industries#vendors) [System Integrators Proof for the customer before the rollout](https://test4net.com/solutions/industries#integrators) [Enterprise & Banks Upgrades and new platforms checked before production](https://test4net.com/solutions/industries#enterprise) [All industries](https://test4net.com/solutions/industries?hsLang=en) Not sure where to start? 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DHCP gets rated with clients arriving one by one, RADIUS with one login method and no accounting. Production asks for names the cache has never seen, brings a whole site back in the same minute after a power cut and sends accounting from every session while users log in. We measure the rate each server holds at your latency target and how long it needs to recover when everyone arrives at once. ## The bench The server goes onto the CloudLAB bench as an appliance or runs as a VM on our hosts or in your tenant, with the production config: zones and forwarders, DHCP scopes and the failover pair, RADIUS policies and a test copy of the user directory. The generator plays the clients. For a resolver it sends your query mix from a log sample (A and AAAA, MX, TXT, one-off names, NXDOMAIN) and emulates the authoritative servers behind it with real upstream delay. For DHCP it plays clients with their own MAC addresses behind relays with option 82, v4 and v6 side by side. For RADIUS it plays the NAS: [Wi-Fi](https://test4net.com/solutions/wi-fi?hsLang=en) access points with 802.1X, VPN gateways, broadband edges, each with its own methods and accounting interval. Each request is timed from send to answer, so every rate comes with its p50 and p99. The load rises in steps, as in any [load test](https://test4net.com/services/load-performance-testing?hsLang=en) on the bench, until latency crosses your target. ## What we check - Resolver capacity: queries per second at your p99 target, with the cache hit share of your logs - Cold cache: the resolver restarted at peak; time until p99 is back to normal and the upstream query rate while the cache refills - DNSSEC: the same mix with validation off and on, the cost in rate and latency, a broken signature chain answered with SERVFAIL - Authoritative: answers per second for your zones while a zone transfer and dynamic updates run - DHCP: leases per second for new clients (full DORA), renews per second, a scope that runs out of addresses - Renew storm: every client of a site asks at once after an outage; time until the last one holds an address, NAKs and retransmits counted - RADIUS: logins per second per method (PAP, CHAP, PEAP, EAP-TLS) with p99 latency, accounting Start, Interim and Stop sent alongside - Failover: the primary stopped mid-run; how fast relays and NAS move to the second server, requests lost on the way ## What usually breaks The cold cache. In a typical project a broadband resolver holds its peak at p99 under 5 ms on a warm cache. Restarted at peak, it sends every miss upstream, hits its limit of concurrent recursive queries and starts dropping. Clients retry after a second, the load doubles, and p99 stays above 1 s for about 3 minutes. A higher recursion limit and a cache loaded from a saved dump at start cut it to under 30 s. The renew storm. A DHCP server is sized from a lease rate measured on a quiet bench. After a power cut, 20,000 clients of one site come back together. The server writes each lease to disk and waits for its failover partner to confirm before it answers; at about 300 leases per second the queue grows, clients time out and retransmit, and the last one gets an address after 7 minutes. Accounting that starves logins. 50,000 sessions with a 5-minute interim interval mean about 170 accounting packets per second before anyone logs in. The accounting database slowed down, RADIUS workers waited on it, login latency passed the 3 s NAS timeout, and the NAS moved everyone to the secondary, which used the same database. Separate worker pools for accounting and logins fixed it; the [BNG post](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-bng-and-broadband-access?hsLang=en) shows the same RADIUS from the subscriber edge. ## What is in the report For each server the rate it holds at your latency target, with p50 and p99. Latency over time through every restart, storm and failover, with the time to recover and the requests lost. Cache hit share, upstream rate and DNSSEC cost for resolvers. The client profile, query mix and server config, so the same storm replays on the next release or a competing server. ## Where to start Send us the servers, a sample of query or request logs and the client count per site. We answer with a draft test plan: the items, the bench layout and the dates. The report is yours to keep and to show to the vendor. [Write to us](https://test4net.com/contacts?hsLang=en) or look at [what else the bench does](https://test4net.com/services?hsLang=en). Share Pass it on to someone who runs a network Independent lab data is most useful in the hands of the people who make the call. Send this piece to a colleague. [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/sharing/share-offsite/?url=https%3A%2F%2Ftest4net.com%2Fblog%2Fhow-we-test-dns-dhcp-and-aaa) [X](https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Ftest4net.com%2Fblog%2Fhow-we-test-dns-dhcp-and-aaa&text=How+we+test+DNS%2C+DHCP+and+AAA%3A+cold+caches+and+renew+storms) [Telegram](https://t.me/share/url?url=https%3A%2F%2Ftest4net.com%2Fblog%2Fhow-we-test-dns-dhcp-and-aaa&text=How+we+test+DNS%2C+DHCP+and+AAA%3A+cold+caches+and+renew+storms) [WhatsApp](https://wa.me/?text=How+we+test+DNS%2C+DHCP+and+AAA%3A+cold+caches+and+renew+storms%20https%3A%2F%2Ftest4net.com%2Fblog%2Fhow-we-test-dns-dhcp-and-aaa) Copy link More apps ![](https://test4net.com/hubfs/IMG_0070.jpg) Written by ### [Alexander Zemskov](https://test4net.com/blog/author/az) Alexander Zemskov leads network and security testing at TEST4NET, an independent, vendor-neutral testing lab in Yerevan, Armenia. With 19+ years in performance and load testing on IXIA, Spirent, Keysight, Xena and Xinertel platforms, he runs NGFW, WAF, IPS, DLP and SASE evaluations for telecom operators, banks and system integrators. [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/azemskov/) [Website](https://test4net.com/?hsLang=en) [Previous article How we test multicast: join latency, (S,G) scale and RP loss](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-multicast?hsLang=en) [Next article How we automate network regression tests: every build, one diff](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-automate-network-regression-tests?hsLang=en) In this article On the bench ### Have a device to put through this? Send us the shortlist and the KPIs that decide it. We will come back with a scoped test plan, a timeline and a fixed price. [Talk to a test engineer](https://test4net.com/contacts?hsLang=en) Blog ## Keep reading [![How we measure power under load: watts per Gbps at 4 load steps](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/blog-covers/how-we-measure-power-under-load.png?width=880&height=550&name=how-we-measure-power-under-load.png)](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-measure-power-under-load?hsLang=en) [Standards and methodology](https://test4net.com/blog/tag/standards-and-methodology) ### [How we measure power under load: watts per Gbps at 4 load steps](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-measure-power-under-load?hsLang=en) The datasheet of a switch, router or firewall gives two power figures: "typical" and "maximum". Neither says at what load, with which optics or at what inlet temperature.… ![](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/IMG_0070.jpg?width=22&height=22&name=IMG_0070.jpg) Alexander Zemskov Oct 30, 2026 · 5 min read [![How we test remote-access VPN: 9:00 logins, MFA and failover](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/blog-covers/how-we-test-remote-access-vpn.png?width=880&height=550&name=how-we-test-remote-access-vpn.png)](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-remote-access-vpn?hsLang=en) [Security](https://test4net.com/blog/tag/security-performance) ### [How we test remote-access VPN: 9:00 logins, MFA and failover](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-remote-access-vpn?hsLang=en) A VPN concentrator datasheet gives a user count and a throughput figure, both taken separately: thousands of idle tunnels for the first, a few fat ones for the second. A … ![](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/IMG_0070.jpg?width=22&height=22&name=IMG_0070.jpg) Alexander Zemskov Oct 30, 2026 · 5 min read [![How we test IPv6 and transition: dual stack, NAT64, 464XLAT](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/blog-covers/how-we-test-ipv6-transition.png?width=880&height=550&name=how-we-test-ipv6-transition.png)](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-ipv6-transition?hsLang=en) [Routing and switching](https://test4net.com/blog/tag/routing-and-switching) ### [How we test IPv6 and transition: dual stack, NAT64, 464XLAT](https://test4net.com/blog/how-we-test-ipv6-transition?hsLang=en) A router datasheet shows IPv6 as a tick next to IPv4, with one throughput figure for both. On the bench the two protocols often part ways: at small packets, with an exten… ![](https://test4net.com/hs-fs/hubfs/IMG_0070.jpg?width=22&height=22&name=IMG_0070.jpg) Alexander Zemskov Oct 30, 2026 · 4 min read [![TEST4NET LLC](https://test4net.com/hubfs/test4net-logo-fixed.svg)](https://test4net.com?hsLang=en) Independent testing and validation for telecom, information security and cloud infrastructure – real insights, not assumptions [mailto:sales@test4net.com](mailto:sales@test4net.com) #### Navigate - [Home](https://test4net.com/?hsLang=en) - [Why TEST4NET](https://test4net.com/why-test4net?hsLang=en) - [About us](https://test4net.com/about?hsLang=en) - [Contact](https://test4net.com/contacts?hsLang=en) - [Blog](https://test4net.com/blog?hsLang=en) - [Industry News](https://test4net.com/news?hsLang=en) #### Get in touch Sales [sales@test4net.com](mailto:sales@test4net.com) Support [support.test4net.com](https://support.test4net.com) © 2026 TEST4NET LLC. All rights reserved. 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